Pest:Nematodes

Burrowing nematode is a migratory endoparasite widely distributed in all the pepper growing areas. Its population is very high during September- October. Root knot nematode(Meloidogyne incognita) penetrates the growing root tip and fixes a feeding site in the cortex and remains there permanently as an endoparasite. Maximum infestations occur during December to January.

  • pest 15
  • pest 16

Symptoms

  • The burrowing nematode cause necrotic lesions on white feeder roots resulting in yellowing of leaves which subsequently fall off.
  • Feeder roots rot and vines wilt during summer season. Affected vines show slow decline.
  • In the case of root knot nematode the most characteristic symptom is the formation of knots or galls on the roots.
  • Spherical elongated galls which vary in size from very small to very large appear on the roots.
  • In advanced stages the galled tissues are invaded by pathogenic and saprophytic microorganisms resulting in decay of roots.
  • Due to nematode infestation the plants show unthrifty development and stunted growth if the infestation is severe.
  • The leaves of the infested plants turn yellowish green to yellow and droop.
  • Affected vines show slow decline which may be confused with that of nutrient deficiency or water scarcity.
  • Pepper plants are subjected to infestation by root knot nematode or burrowing nematode either jointly or separately.

Procedure for Observation

Observe the roots for the presence of knots or lesions. Send sample to laboratory for confirmation if necessary.

ETL

  • Mere presence
  • Control Measures

  • Use nematode free rooted cuttings raised in potting mixture sterilized by soil solarisation.
  • Remove and destroy severely affected vines which are beyond recovery.
  • Apply neem cake @ one kg/vine.
  • Incorporate it by raking the soil lightly without causing damage to the root system.
  • In order to control the secondary infection by pathogen drench the basin with 1 % Bordeaux mixture or 0.4% Copper oxy chloride.
  • Apply talc based formulation of Bacillus macerans @ 10 g/vine at the time of planting or just before monsoon in established plantations.
  • Drench the basin with Paecilomyces lilacinus @ 20 g/l.
  • Intercrop with Marygold and incorporate the crop residue.